(mysql.info) case-sensitivity
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A.5.1 Case Sensitivity in Searches
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By default, MySQL searches are not case sensitive (although there are
some character sets that are never case insensitive, such as `czech').
This means that if you search with `COL_NAME LIKE 'a%'', you get all
column values that start with `A' or `a'. If you want to make this
search case sensitive, make sure that one of the operands has a case
sensitive or binary collation. For example, if you are comparing a
column and a string that both have the `latin1' character set, you can
use the `COLLATE' operator to cause either operand to have the
`latin1_general_cs' or `latin1_bin' collation. For example:
COL_NAME COLLATE latin1_general_cs LIKE 'a%'
COL_NAME LIKE 'a%' COLLATE latin1_general_cs
COL_NAME COLLATE latin1_bin LIKE 'a%'
COL_NAME LIKE 'a%' COLLATE latin1_bin
If you want a column always to be treated in case-sensitive fashion,
declare it with a case sensitive or binary collation. See
create-table.
Simple comparison operations (`>=, >, =, <, <=', sorting, and grouping)
are based on each character's `sort value.' Characters with the same
sort value (such as ‘`E'’, ‘`e'’, and ‘`Ã(C)'’) are
treated as the same character.
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