mysqld_safe(1)
NAME
mysqld_safe - MySQL server startup script safe_mysqld -
MySQL server startup script
SYNOPSIS
mysqld_safe options
DESCRIPTION
mysqld_safe is the recommended way to start a mysqld
server on Unix and NetWare. mysqld_safe adds some safety
features such as restarting the server when an error
occurs and logging runtime information to an error log
file. NetWare-specific behaviors are listed later in this
section.
Note: To preserve backward compatibility with older
versions of MySQL, MySQL binary distributions still
include safe_mysqld as a symbolic link to mysqld_safe.
However, you should not rely on this as it almost
certainly will be removed in the future.
By default, mysqld_safe tries to start an executable named
mysqld-max if it exists, and mysqld otherwise. Be aware of
the implications of this behavior:
o On Linux, the MySQL-Max RPM relies on this mysqld_safe
behavior. The RPM installs an executable named
mysqld-max, which causes mysqld_safe to automatically
use that executable rather than mysqld from that point
on.
o If you install a MySQL-Max distribution that includes a
server named mysqld-max, and then upgrade later to a
non-Max version of MySQL, mysqld_safe will still
attempt to run the old mysqld-max server. If you
perform such an upgrade, you should manually remove the
old mysqld-max server to ensure that mysqld_safe runs
the new mysqld server.
To override the default behavior and specify explicitly
the name of the server you want to run, specify a --mysqld
or --mysqld-version option to mysqld_safe. You can also
use --ledir to indicate the directory where mysqld_safe
should look for the server.
Many of the options to mysqld_safe are the same as the
options to mysqld. See the section called "\FBMYSQLD\FR
COMMAND OPTIONS".
All options specified to mysqld_safe on the command line
are passed to mysqld. If you want to use any options that
are specific to mysqld_safe and that mysqld doesn't
support, do not specify them on the command line. Instead,
list them in the [mysqld_safe] group of an option file.
See Section 3.2, "Using Option Files".
mysqld_safe reads all options from the [mysqld], [server],
and [mysqld_safe] sections in option files. For backward
compatibility, it also reads [safe_mysqld] sections,
although you should rename such sections to [mysqld_safe]
in MySQL 5.0 installations.
mysqld_safe supports the following options:
o --help
Display a help message and exit. (Added in MySQL 5.0.3)
o --autoclose
(NetWare only) On NetWare, mysqld_safe provides a
screen presence. When you unload (shut down) the
mysqld_safe NLM, the screen does not by default go
away. Instead, it prompts for user input:
*<NLM has terminated; Press any key to close the screen>*
If you want NetWare to close the screen automatically
instead, use the --autoclose option to mysqld_safe.
o --basedir=path
The path to the MySQL installation directory.
o --core-file-size=size
The size of the core file that mysqld should be able to
create. The option value is passed to ulimit -c.
o --datadir=path
The path to the data directory.
o --defaults-extra-file=path
The name of an option file to be read in addition to
the usual option files. This must be the first option
on the command line if it is used.
o --defaults-file=file_name
The name of an option file to be read instead of the
usual option files. This must be the first option on
the command line if it is used.
o --ledir=path
If mysqld_safe cannot find the server, use this option
to indicate the pathname to the directory where the
server is located.
o --log-error=file_name
Write the error log to the given file. See
Section 10.1, "The Error Log".
o --mysqld=prog_name
The name of the server program (in the ledir directory)
that you want to start. This option is needed if you
use the MySQL binary distribution but have the data
directory outside of the binary distribution. If
mysqld_safe cannot find the server, use the --ledir
option to indicate the pathname to the directory where
the server is located.
o --mysqld-version=suffix
This option is similar to the --mysqld option, but you
specify only the suffix for the server program name.
The basename is assumed to be mysqld. For example, if
you use --mysqld-version=max, mysqld_safe starts the
mysqld-max program in the ledir directory. If the
argument to --mysqld-version is empty, mysqld_safe uses
mysqld in the ledir directory.
o --nice=priority
Use the nice program to set the server's scheduling
priority to the given value.
o --no-defaults
Do not read any option files. This must be the first
option on the command line if it is used.
o --open-files-limit=count
The number of files that mysqld should be able to open.
The option value is passed to ulimit -n. Note that you
need to start mysqld_safe as root for this to work
properly!
o --pid-file=file_name
The pathname of the process ID file.
o --port=port_num
The port number that the server should use when
listening for TCP/IP connections. The port number must
be 1024 or higher unless the server is started by the
root system user.
o --socket=path
The Unix socket file that the server should use when
listening for local connections.
o --timezone=timezone
Set the TZ time zone environment variable to the given
option value. Consult your operating system
documentation for legal time zone specification
formats.
o --user={user_name | user_id}
Run the mysqld server as the user having the name
user_name or the numeric user ID user_id. ("User" in
this context refers to a system login account, not a
MySQL user listed in the grant tables.)
If you execute mysqld_safe with the --defaults-file or
--defaults-extra-option option to name an option file, the
option must be the first one given on the command line or
the option file will not be used. For example, this
command will not use the named option file:
mysql> mysqld_safe --port=port_num --defaults-file=file_name
Instead, use the following command:
mysql> mysqld_safe --defaults-file=file_name --port=port_num
The mysqld_safe script is written so that it normally can
start a server that was installed from either a source or
a binary distribution of MySQL, even though these types of
distributions typically install the server in slightly
different locations. (See Section 1.5, "Installation
Layouts".) mysqld_safe expects one of the following
conditions to be true:
o The server and databases can be found relative to the
working directory (the directory from which mysqld_safe
is invoked). For binary distributions, mysqld_safe
looks under its working directory for bin and data
directories. For source distributions, it looks for
libexec and var directories. This condition should be
met if you execute mysqld_safe from your MySQL
installation directory (for example, /usr/local/mysql
for a binary distribution).
o If the server and databases cannot be found relative to
the working directory, mysqld_safe attempts to locate
them by absolute pathnames. Typical locations are
/usr/local/libexec and /usr/local/var. The actual
locations are determined from the values configured
into the distribution at the time it was built. They
should be correct if MySQL is installed in the location
specified at configuration time.
Because mysqld_safe tries to find the server and databases
relative to its own working directory, you can install a
binary distribution of MySQL anywhere, as long as you run
mysqld_safe from the MySQL installation directory:
shell> cd mysql_installation_directory
shell> bin/mysqld_safe &
If mysqld_safe fails, even when invoked from the MySQL
installation directory, you can specify the --ledir and
--datadir options to indicate the directories in which the
server and databases are located on your system.
Normally, you should not edit the mysqld_safe script.
Instead, configure mysqld_safe by using command-line
options or options in the [mysqld_safe] section of a
my.cnf option file. In rare cases, it might be necessary
to edit mysqld_safe to get it to start the server
properly. However, if you do this, your modified version
of mysqld_safe might be overwritten if you upgrade MySQL
in the future, so you should make a copy of your edited
version that you can reinstall.
On NetWare, mysqld_safe is a NetWare Loadable Module (NLM)
that is ported from the original Unix shell script. It
starts the server as follows:
1. Runs a number of system and option checks.
2. Runs a check on MyISAM tables.
3. Provides a screen presence for the MySQL server.
4. Starts mysqld, monitors it, and restarts it if it
terminates in error.
5. Sends error messages from mysqld to the host_name.err
file in the data directory.
6. Sends mysqld_safe screen output to the host_name.safe
file in the data directory.
SEE ALSO
msql2mysql(1), myisamchk(1), myisamlog(1), myisampack(1),
mysql(1), mysql.server(1), mysql_config(1),
mysql_fix_privilege_tables(1), mysql_upgrade(1),
mysql_zap(1), mysqlaccess(1), mysqladmin(1),
mysqlbinlog(1), mysqlcheck(1), mysqld(1), mysqld_multi(1),
mysqldump(1), mysqlhotcopy(1), mysqlimport(1),
mysqlmanager(1), mysqlshow(1), perror(1), replace(1),
safe_mysqld(1)
For more information, please refer to the MySQL Reference
Manual, which may already be installed locally and which
is also available online at http://dev.mysql.com/doc/.
AUTHOR
MySQL AB (http://www.mysql.com/). This software comes
with no warranty.
MySQL 5.0 03/04/2006 FBMYSQLD_SAFEFR(1)
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